Tuesday, March 9, 2010

How To : Setting MRTG on Ubuntu

The Multi Router Traffic Grapher, or just simply MRTG, is free software for monitoring and measuring the traffic load on network links. It allows the user to see traffic load on a network over time in graphical form.
It was originally developed by Tobias Oetiker and Dave Rand to monitor router traffic, but has developed into a tool that can create graphs and statistics for almost anything.
Follow this step to install MRTG on Ubuntu :
  1. Install Apache2 Web Server, SNMPD, and MRTG
    ~$ sudo apt-get install apache2 snmpd mrtg
  2. Make directory on Apache Web pages reside
    ~$ sudo mkdir /var/www/mrtg
  3. Setting MRTG Configuration
    ~$ sudo nano /etc/mrtg.cfg
    # Global configuration
    
    RunAsDaemon: yes
    EnableIPv6: no
    WorkDir: /var/www/mrtg
    Options[_]: bits,growright
    WriteExpires: Yes
    
    Title[^]: Traffic Analysis for
    
  4. Setting CRON for running every 5 minutes
    ~$ sudo nano /etc/cron.d/mrtg
    0-55/5 * * * * root if [ ! -d /var/lock/mrtg ]; then mkdir /var/lock/mrtg; fi; if [ -x /usr/bin/mrtg ] && [ -r /etc/mrtg.cfg ]; then env LANG=C /usr/bin/mrtg /etc/mrtg.cfg 2>&1 | tee -a /var/log/mrtg/mrtg.log ; fi
  5. Assign the SNMP community name
    ~$ sudo nano /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
    ####
    # First, map the community name (COMMUNITY) into a security name
    # (local and mynetwork, depending on where the request is coming
    # from):
    
    #       sec.name  source          community
    #com2sec paranoid  default         public
    com2sec readonly  default         public
    #com2sec readwrite default         private
    
  6. Restart the SNMP service
    ~$ sudo /etc/init.d/snmpd restart
  7. Create MRTG file configuration
    ~$ sudo su
    #cfgmaker public@localhost > /etc/mrtg.cfg
  8. Creating index file for the webserver using
    #indexmaker /etc/mrtg.cfg > /var/www/mrtg/index.html
Setting is done, you need to reboot you're PC and wait for five minutes to process. Now you can access MRTG via browser on URL http://localhost/mrtg


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Wednesday, February 24, 2010

How To : Recovery Ubuntu GRUB 2 after install another OS

If you're Ubuntu GRUB disappear after install another OS, you can follow this step to recover it :
  1. Boot from Ubuntu Live CD
  2. Open Terminal
    • Run fdisk to view your partitions
      $ sudo fdisk -l
      Disk /dev/sda: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes
      255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders
      Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
      Disk identifier: 0xa975a975
      
         Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
      /dev/sda1   *           1        3824    30716248+   7  HPFS/NTFS
      /dev/sda2            3825        6374    20482875   83  Linux
      /dev/sda3            6375        8286    15358140   83  Linux
      /dev/sda4            8287       30401   177638737+   5  Extended
      /dev/sda5            8287       12110    30716248+   7  HPFS/NTFS
      /dev/sda6           12111       15934    30716248+   7  HPFS/NTFS
      /dev/sda7           15935       24858    71681998+   7  HPFS/NTFS
      /dev/sda8           24859       29320    35840983+  83  Linux
      /dev/sda9           29321       30085     6144831   83  Linux
      /dev/sda10          30086       30401     2538238+  82  Linux swap / Solaris
      
    • Mount you're Ubuntu root partitions, if you have boot partitions you can mount it too.
      $ sudo mount /dev/sda2 /mnt
      $ sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
      $ sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
      
    • Login to you're Ubuntu system
      $ sudo chroot /mnt
    • Update you're GRUB to generate configuration file
      # update-grub2
    • Install GRUB to MBR
      # grub-install /dev/sda
    • If you have any error, you can recheck the installation
      # grub-install recheck /dev/sda
    • Now you can logout from chroot with Ctrl+D and then unmount all partitions
      $ sudo umount /mnt/dev
      $ sudo umount /mnt/proc
      $ sudo umount /mnt
      
  3. Close Terminal and Restart, now you can see you're GRUB menu is back
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Sunday, December 27, 2009

Sabily 9.10 (Gaza) released


Sunday, 10 Muharram 1431

Bismilleh walhamdolilleh wassaleto wasselemo ala rasolilleh,
The Sabily team is proud to announce the release of Sabily 9.10, codename "Gaza". Sabily is the new name of Ubuntu Muslim Edition, the Operating System designed by and for Muslims.
(but non-Muslims are very welcome to use it too Wink).



Sabily 9.10 is available as a Live DVD (so you can test it without installing anything on your computer), with 2 versions:
  • Small version (1 GB): contains the main Sabily packages (artwork, islamic applications) and Arabic support
  • Full version (2.8 GB): same as above plus multimedia, education and miscellaneous packages, besides offline Quran recitations provided by www.versebyversequran.com: Muhammad Siddeeq al-Minshawi, Huzify, Sa’ad al-Ghamadi and Mishary Rashed Alafasy
    Note: the offline recitations are useful if you are not connected to the Internet (all Sabily versions provide online recitations)

What's new in this release:
  • "Noor" application: new Quran Browser
  • Sample books for Thwab
  • "Fsool" application: the Sira of The prophet Mohammed (Peace be upon him)
  • "Rejaal" application: Men around the prophet Mohammed (Peace be upon him)..a flash bibliography of 60 Sahabi
  • "Arabeyes Qamoos": Arabic-English dictionary
Note: the three last software exist only on the full version
What's changed:
  • New theme (grub image + xsplash...)
  • New structure of "Islamic Software"
  • Monajat is re-developed in Python
Main features:
  • Parental control tool installed (WebStrict)
  • Zekr (Quran study tool), able to play Quran recitations
  • Prayer times apps: Minbar and Firefox 'Pray Times' add-on
  • Thwab (encyclopaedia)
  • Custom artwork: usplash, login screen, Islamic wallpapers and theme.
  • Full support for Arabic language.
  • The full version of the DVD contains multimedia, scientific, educational and many other useful software

Download Sabily 9.10 (Gaza) here.

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How To Change Default XSplash on Ubuntu Karmic

XSplash is a software project in the Ubuntu community that uses the X Window System to replace the scrolling-text screens that appear while booting a Linux-based computer with a graphical splash screen.

XSplash replaced usplash (which uses the Linux framebuffer) in Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala), bringing Ubuntu closer to its goal of a 10-second boot time by version 10.04 (Lucid Lynx). The improved boot performance over usplash and other boot systems is achieved by prioritizing startup processes related to the X server, and by using a single X server throughout the boot process (more). This is preview of default xsplash on Ubuntu Karmic.



To change Default XSplash from ubuntu is just simple replace image on folder '/usr/share/images/xsplash'. For example you can download xsplash image from this link and follow this step.

sonic2epix@matrix:~$ cd /usr/share/images
sonic2epix@matrix:/usr/share/images$ sudo tar -czvf xsplash.backup.tar.gz xsplash
xsplash/
xsplash/bg_1280x1024.jpg
xsplash/logo_medium.png
xsplash/Software
xsplash/bg_1024x768.jpg
xsplash/bg_800x600.jpg
xsplash/logo_large.png
xsplash/bg_1440x900.jpg
xsplash/throbber_small.png
xsplash/bg_2560x1600.jpg
xsplash/throbber_large.png
xsplash/Creative-Commons
xsplash/throbber_xtra_large.png
xsplash/logo_small.png
xsplash/logo_xtra_large.png
xsplash/bg_1920x1200.jpg
xsplash/bg_1680x1050.jpg
xsplash/throbber_medium.png
sonic2epix@matrix:/usr/share/images$ sudo cp ~/Desktop/Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00.tar.bz2 /usr/share/images
sonic2epix@matrix:/usr/share/images$ sudo tar -xjvf Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00.tar.bz2
tar: Record size = 8 blocks
Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00/
Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00/bg_800x600.jpg
Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00/Creative-Commons
Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00/bg_2560x1600.jpg
Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00/bg_1920x1200.jpg
Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00/bg_1440x900.jpg
Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00/bg_1280x1024.jpg
Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00/bg_1024x768.jpg
Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00/Software
Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00/logo_xtra_large.png
Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00/logo_small.png
Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00/logo_medium.png
Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00/logo_large.png
Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00/throbber_xtra_large.png
Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00/throbber_small.png
Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00/throbber_medium.png
Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00/throbber_large.png
Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00/bg_1680x1050.jpg
sonic2epix@matrix:/usr/share/images$ sudo mv Fusion-Fluke-GX-v00 xsplash
sonic2epix@matrix:/usr/share/images$ sudo xsplash
And you will see preview of xsplash like this one. To turn off the preview, press ESC key.



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Sunday, December 20, 2009

Download SoftMaker Office 2008 for free, and SoftMaker donates money !


Download SoftMaker Office 2008 for free, and SoftMaker donates money!

NEW: For Windows and Linux!


  • You are entitled to free tech support and to future upgrades at reduced prices.
  • SoftMaker donates € 0.10 for every successful download to well-chosen development and charity projects on betterplace.org
  • Everyone is invited to join the "Load and Help" team at betterplace.org and donate extra to these help projects.
  • Download now and spread the word! The more downloads, the more we donate! Every download counts!


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Friday, November 27, 2009

Grub Setting on Ubuntu 9.10 Karmic Koala

GRand Unified Bootloader it is the software responsible for loading and transferring control to the operating system kernel during the initial boot. On the Koala Karmic is using GRUB version 2. On this version there is a bit different on file configuration. On last version, all of the GRUB configuration can we see on file '/boot/grub/menu.list'. On this version, the configuration file is on this path :
sonic2epix@matrix:~$ sudo gedit /etc/default/grub
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=10
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT="10"
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL=console

# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
#GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480

# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true

# Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entrys
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_RECOVERY="true"
This file contain GRUB setting variable. You can make any change setting of this variable to make the GRUB running as you want. Beware that after you editing this file, you must running the update-grub syntax on console to update the GRUB setting.

If you want to change the list of the Boot Menu, you can edit on this path :
sonic2epix@matrix:~$ sudo gedit /boot/grub/grub.cfg
#
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
#
# It is automatically generated by /usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig using templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
#

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
if [ -s /boot/grub/grubenv ]; then
  have_grubenv=true
  load_env
fi
set default="0"
if [ ${prev_saved_entry} ]; then
  saved_entry=${prev_saved_entry}
  save_env saved_entry
  prev_saved_entry=
  save_env prev_saved_entry
fi
insmod ext2
set root=(hd0,1)
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 15ed4e71-1d78-4ed8-9855-3b3771861ce9
if loadfont /usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then
  set gfxmode=640x480
  insmod gfxterm
  insmod vbe
  if terminal_output gfxterm ; then true ; else
    # For backward compatibility with versions of terminal.mod that don't
    # understand terminal_output
    terminal gfxterm
  fi
fi
if [ ${recordfail} = 1 ]; then
  set timeout=-1
else
  set timeout=3
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
set menu_color_normal=white/black
set menu_color_highlight=black/white
### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
menuentry "Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-14-generic" {
        recordfail=1
        if [ -n ${have_grubenv} ]; then save_env recordfail; fi
 set quiet=1
 insmod ext2
 set root=(hd0,1)
 search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 15ed4e71-1d78-4ed8-9855-3b3771861ce9
 linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31-14-generic root=UUID=15ed4e71-1d78-4ed8-9855-3b3771861ce9 ro   quiet splash
 initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.31-14-generic
}
menuentry "Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-14-generic (recovery mode)" {
        recordfail=1
        if [ -n ${have_grubenv} ]; then save_env recordfail; fi
 insmod ext2
 set root=(hd0,1)
 search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 15ed4e71-1d78-4ed8-9855-3b3771861ce9
 linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31-14-generic root=UUID=15ed4e71-1d78-4ed8-9855-3b3771861ce9 ro single 
 initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.31-14-generic
}
### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###
menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" {
 linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin
}
menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" {
 linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8
}
### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
menuentry "Windows Vista (loader) (on /dev/sda2)" {
 insmod ntfs
 set root=(hd0,2)
 search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 5220fd0220fcedbb
 chainloader +1
}
if [ ${timeout} != -1 ]; then
  if sleep --interruptible 3 ; then
    set timeout=0
  fi
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries.  Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment.  Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###

If you want to hide the boot menu on GRUB 2, you must do little more things like this one.
sonic2epix@matrix:~$ sudo gedit /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober
adjust_timeout () {
  if [ "x${found_other_os}" = "x" ] ; then
    if [ "x${GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT}" != "x" ] ; then
      if [ "x${GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET}" = "xtrue" ] ; then
 verbose=
      else
 verbose=" --verbose"
      fi

      if [ "x${GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT}" = "x0" ] ; then
 cat <<EOF
if [ \${timeout} != -1 ]; then
  if keystatus; then
    if keystatus --shift; then
      set timeout=-1
    else
      set timeout=0
    fi
  else
    if sleep$verbose --interruptible 3 ; then
      set timeout=0
    
    fi
  fi
fi
EOF
      else
 cat << EOF
if [ \${timeout} != -1 ]; then
  if sleep$verbose --interruptible ${GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT} ; then
    set timeout=0
  fi
fi
EOF
      fi
    fi
  fi
}
Replace the script on the line 28-29 become this one :
if [ "x${found_other_os}" = "x" ] || [ "x${GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT}" != "x" ] ; then
Delete the script 'fi' on the line 61. Make sure you uncomment the variable 'GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT' on the '/etc/default/grub' to enable the Hidden Boot Menu and then restart your computer to see the different.

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Sunday, November 15, 2009

How To Install Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala) Desktop


Yesterday my friend asking me How To Install Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala) Desktop. She is really new on ubuntu and I hope this posting can describe all of the step to install it. For all of you, who want to try ubuntu and little bit scared how to install, maybe this posting can help you.

  • Download the Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala) Desktop iso image and burn it into cd, you can get it from http://ubuntu.com.
  • Booting from ubuntu cd, then choose English Language and option Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer.
  • Wait for a while until the Desktop ready, like this screenshot :


  • If your ubuntu partition has not been set up before, you can set up from the GParted application.


  • Ubuntu partition minimally need one root partition and optional swap partition if your memory less than 1 GB. Below is the screenshot of the partition set up, i have been made. On root partition I use 10 GB of Ext3 fileystem and 1.6 GB of swap.


  • After the partition have been set up, now is time to install the ubuntu. Double click on icon Install Ubuntu on the Desktop Shortcut.

  • The installation window will show up.


  • Set your Location setting.


  • Set your Keyboard Layout setting.


  • On the Partition setting, I choose Manually to set where is the mount point each of all my partition.


  • Here come the list of my partition. Click on the row you want to edit the mount point of each partition.


  • On the Edit Partition window, choose the filesystem of the partition, you want to format or not, and mount point path. On the mount point field, I'm ussually set with format "/media/_PARTITION_LABEL_". Replace the _PARTITION_LABEL_ with your partition label name. Where the partition will be automatically mount on that path when you login to ubuntu. Repeat for all partition except the root and swap partition, set with filesystem of that partition and the mount point.


  • On the root partition, I choose Ext4 filesystem and the mount point is "/". Checked on the "Format this Partition" checkbox, If you want to format it.


  • Here is the screenshot of all my partition setting.


  • Go to next step is setting your User Account.


  • Then the Document Migration setting from your last Operating System.


  • The last is Start the Installation process.


  • The installation may take 20 minutes or more, depend on your hardware.


  • After the Installation finish, you will be prompt to Reboot or still want to use the Live CD.


  • Reboot and login, here is the result of my Ubuntu.


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